Women of all ages, regions and walks of life took to the streets last year during the uprising that led to the ouster of Tunisian President Zine El Abidine Ben Ali. They participated as candidates and campaigners during the National Constituent Assembly (NCA) elections that followed, encouraged by the country’s new electoral law that required a “zipper system” that alternated men and women on candidate lists. As the political transition continues, Tunisian women are playing active roles in civil society and political parties. Yet they are increasingly concerned that the gains made during the revolution may be slipping and that conventional gender roles and stereotypes are reemerging, according to the results of focus group research conducted by NDI.

Fifteen focus groups, conducted in five cities across Tunisia in February, explore perceptions of women in their roles in Tunisian society, priorities for women and avenues for women’s political participation. The focus groups included both men and women, and built on four previous rounds of focus groups that NDI has undertaken since March 2011.

The latest research finds that:

• Traditional gender stereotypes remain pervasive. Perceptions of gender roles are deeply embedded in Tunisian culture, and citizens struggle to reconcile gender equality with religious beliefs and cultural norms.
• Unemployment, the rising cost of living and security are top priorities that the government must address, according to both women and men.
• While women are generally enthusiastic about participating in the political process, political parties are not perceived as welcoming. Voting is seen as a clearer way to take part in politics. Citizens also view civil society as a positive avenue for women’s participation. 

The findings of this study are being used to inform leaders in political parties, civil society organizations, the NCA and government ministries about citizen attitudes and opinions on issues affecting women.

This study was made possible by a donation from Lynda Thomas, a private investor, philanthropist and member of NDI’s board of directors.

Read more:

• Read the focus group report»
• Tunisians hold high expectations for jobs, constitution, opinion research finds»
• Tunisians want politicians to address jobs, security as first democratic elections approach»
• Opinion research shows Tunisians concerned about the future»
• Focus groups in Tunisia reveal young people's hopes for democratic transition»

Published June 7, 2012